Effects of microplastics on soil carbon pool and terrestrial plant

Soil, as a primary repository of plastic debris, faces an escalating influx of microplastics. Microplastics have the potential to decrease soil bulk density and pH, as well as alter soil pore structure and aggregation. These changes in soil physicochemical properties subsequently lead to habitat degradation for microbes and environmental shifts that impact

Perspectives on geologic carbon storage

A successful CO 2 storage site necessitates the same elements as a petroleum system, except a source rock and a migration pathway. In other words, a CO 2 storage site requires a reservoir rock, a seal rock, and a

Carbon sequestration

OverviewRolesTerminologyBiological carbon sequestration on landGeological carbon sequestrationSequestration in oceansCostsSee also

Carbon sequestration is part of the natural carbon cycle by which carbon is exchanged among the biosphere, pedosphere (soil), geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere of Earth. Carbon dioxide is naturally captured from the atmosphere through biological, chemical, or physical processes, and stored in long-term reservoirs. Plants, such as forests and kelp beds, absorb carbon dioxide from the air as they grow, and bin

Carbon-Neutral Energy Sources

Nuclear energy does not inherently involve any direct production of CO 2 or other GHG and, as such, is a major producer of carbon-free electricity [1, 2].Although not without controversies, nuclear energy is considered an important carbon-free energy source, which, through displacing coal, oil, and NG, would substantially reduce overall CO 2 emissions and,

A Review on Carbon Source and Sink in Arable Land

Arable land ecosystems are among the most important terrestrial systems. The issues of carbon sequestration and emission reductions in arable land ecosystems have received extensive attention. Countries

FIVE CARBON POOLS

nonrenewable pools of energy-rich carbon—soil. Trees, coal, oil, and natural gas would follow as addi-tional pools to rob from. Our crops and we—both of us—were beneficiaries of the energy released as nutri-ents stored in the carbon compounds in the soil now became available. It was agriculture that featured annu -

Global Change Biology | Environmental Change Journal

China''s wetland soil organic carbon pool: New estimation on pool size, change, and trajectory. Yongxing Ren, However, previous estimates were highly variable and uncertain, due likely to the data sources and method used. Here we used machine learning method to estimate SOC storage and their changes over time in China''s wetlands based on

A comprehensive review on carbon source effect of microalgae

Neutral lipids function as storage for physiological energy and carbon in the form of triacylglycerol which can be easily catabolized As a carbon source storage pool and the primary enzyme for carbon fixation, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) plays an important role in the process of carbon skeleton biosynthesis.

Transforming waste resources into efficient activated carbon for energy

The accumulation of non-biomass wastes, including anthracite, asphalt/asphaltene, synthetic polymers, petroleum coke, and tire wastes, contributes to environmental pollution. Utilizing these waste resources as precursors for activated carbon production emerges as an economical and sustainable strategy for energy storage and

Carbon sequestration

The term carbon sequestration is used in different ways in the literature and media. The IPCC Sixth Assessment Report defines it as "The process of storing carbon in a carbon pool". [9]: 2248 Subsequently, a pool is defined as "a reservoir in the Earth system where elements, such as carbon and nitrogen, reside in various chemical forms for a period of time".

Multi-scale processes influencing global carbon storage and land-carbon

The concentration of atmospheric CO 2 has risen to more than 399.54 mg L –1 since the industrial revolution, and it continues to trigger global warming (Gull et al., 2020).This increase in atmospheric CO 2 is an important concern for all countries. There are 5 major global C pools. The largest is the oceanic pool at 38 400 Gt (1 Gt = 10 15 g = 1 Pg), followed by the

Mycorrhizal mycelium as a global carbon pool

Mycorrhizal fungi are a broad class of soil fungi defined by their ability to associate with roots and engage in nutrient exchange with plants 5, 6.Nearly all land plants form symbioses with mycorrhizal fungi of one type or another 5.The fungi form intricate networks of extraradical (external) mycelium that can extend beyond plant root systems, where they forage

Plant carbon allocation in a changing world

Plant carbon allocation in a changing world – challenges and progress: introduction to a Virtual Issue on carbon allocation spatial-temporal dynamics and regulation of NSC storage in plants, (2) source vs sink controls

Carbon Capture, Utilization & Storage | Department of Energy

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CC U S), also referred to as carbon capture, utilization and sequestration, is a process that captures carbon dioxide emissions from sources like coal-fired power plants and either reuses or stores it so it will not enter the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide storage in geologic formations includes oil and gas reservoirs, unmineable coal seams and

The microbial carbon pump and climate change

DOC accounts for more than 90% of the total marine organic carbon pool 21 and serves as the energy and carbon source of heterotrophic microorganisms supporting the microbial loop 22. Thus, how can

Perspectives on geologic carbon storage

A successful CO 2 storage site necessitates the same elements as a petroleum system, except a source rock and a migration pathway. In other words, a CO 2 storage site requires a reservoir rock, a seal rock, and a trapping configuration.. Another key difference with hydrocarbon projects is the requirement to characterize and monitor seal performance

Crops for Carbon Farming

For carbon, Eq (1) can be summarized as follows: Inputs: Photosynthesis; Soil amendments Outputs: Plant and microbial respiration; Emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) Storage: Plant and microbial biomass; Soil carbon as SOC and SIC pools The soil carbon content is governed by the balance between photosynthetic inputs via liter and root exudation

The ocean carbon cycle | IAEA

The biological pump . Through one of the primary carbon storage mechanisms, the biological carbon pump, phytoplankton (microscopic marine plants at the bottom of the oceanic food chain) take up CO 2 in the surface ocean and as part of photosynthesis convert it to particulate and dissolved organic carbon - carbon-containing molecules typically produced by living things.

Carbon transformations and soil organic matter formation

Soils are a major pool of stored C and contain an amount of C at least equal to that in the terrestrial Soil microbes use residue components as substrates for energy and also as carbon sources in the synthesis of new cells. Starch is a common plant storage polysaccharide that serves as an energy storage compound in cereal grains (seeds

Carbon pools in forest systems and new estimation based on an

In the underground biomass, the carbon pool of shrubland (1.31 Tg C) is only 1.48% of that of arbor forest (88.11 Tg C). Geographically, the regional carbon pool showed a distribution pattern of Z1 > Z3 > Z2 > Z4. The southern region of SP (Z1), with its forest cover (59,334 km 2), had the highest total carbon pool of 267.96 Tg C.

Plant carbon allocation in a changing world

Plant carbon allocation in a changing world – challenges and progress: introduction to a Virtual Issue on carbon allocation spatial-temporal dynamics and regulation of NSC storage in plants, (2) source vs sink controls on C allocation, (3) drought and temperature effects on C allocation, and (4) C allocation to symbiotic rhizosphere

Biomass energy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS)

The current book chapter focuses on the potential of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage to mitigate greenhouse gas, which produces negative CO 2 emissions by combining energy from biomass with geologic carbon capture and storage. The concept of negative emission and its long-term use in the reduction of global greenhouse gas emissions

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon is both the foundation of all life on Earth, and the source of the majority of energy consumed by human civilization. [Photographs ©2007 MorBCN (top) and ©2009 sarahluv In each case, oxygen combines with sugar to release water, carbon dioxide, and energy. The basic chemical reaction looks like this: CH 2 O + O 2 = CO 2 + H 2 O

美国引领了碳捕集与封存的新浪潮-二氧化碳捕集与封存技术国家地

The Department of Energy''s Carbon Storage Assurance Facility Enterprise Initiative - also known as CarbonSAFE - which focuses on developing geologic storage for 50 million tonnes and

Research progress on carbon sources and sinks of

The carbon pool includes carbon sources that produce and release carbon and carbon sinks that store carbon (Zhang et al., 2013a). For the vegetation carbon pool, photosynthesis is the main input process, and produces, wastes and biological energy utilization are the main output processes (Fig. 2). For the soil carbon pool, the main input

Getting lost tracking the carbon footprint of hydropower

Hydropower will play an important role in stabilizing the grid by providing storage and ramping responses (the ability to quickly increase generation) needed to integrate low-carbon energy sources [4].For example, one recent study showed that as conventional solar photovoltaic generation increased over time, small hydropower plants (<30 MW) provided ramping services

Forest Carbon Pools: Where are They?

Figure 3. The forest sector carbon cycle includes forest carbon stocks and carbon transfer between stocks. Adapted from Heath et al. (2003) and USDA (2011). Published in Janowiak et al, 2018. Managing live vegetation alters respiration and decomposition processes and can push forests towards being either a carbon source or carbon sink.

Carbon pool

Carbon pools are reservoirs of carbon that have the capacity to both take in and release carbon. There are four very broad global carbon pools which encompass many complex systems which will be discussed on this page. Each of these

Review Unveiling the crucial role of soil microorganisms in carbon

Traditionally, researchers had believed that organic carbon primarily originated from plant detritus; however, new research suggests that microbes may be a major source of organic carbon (Simpson et al., 2007; Kallenbach et al., 2016; Liang et al., 2017), with the contribution of microbial necrotic mass to SOC as high as 50–80 % (Liang et al., 2019).

Greenhouse Gases and Carbon Storage | U.S. Geological Survey

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere retain heat from the Sun, allowing plants and animals to flourish. As the amount of these gases change, so does the atmosphere''s effectiveness at trapping heat. The USGS tracks greenhouse gas emissions and uptake across the nation and explores mechanisms for storing carbon and reducing emissions to help lessen the effects of

Collaborative optimization strategy of source‐grid‐load‐storage

Meanwhile, the participation of energy storage resources plays a regulatory role, and friendly interactions are formed among the source, grid, load, and storage. In Figure 8, the three types of energy storage time series complement each other and are in line with the multitype energy storage coordination mode described in Section 1.2. A