What is the Kiribati energy roadmap?

The KIER is Kiribati's comprehensive energy roadmap, which takes into account renewable energy and energy efficiency potential in all sectors from 2017 to 2025.

Does Kiribati need electricity?

As a small, remote island state, Kiribati is highly dependent on imported energy supply. Electricity is one of the government’s largest expenditures. Yet the current fossil fuel-based power system is inadequate to meet future demand.

Should solar PV be deployed in Kiribati?

The findings of this roadmap show that power sector is a key area, where the ongoing efforts from the deployment of solar PV should be continued and complemented with and improvement of efficiency in Kiribati’s entire energy system, including electricity use, heating, cooling, and transport.

Do battery management systems contribute to achieving global sustainability goals?

By optimizing energy management and integrating with renewable resources, this technology supports the transition to greener, more resilient transportation systems. The paper also discusses future research directions, emphasizing the importance of innovation in battery management systems in achieving global sustainability goals. 1. Introduction

What is battery management system (BMS)?

BMS is an essential device that connects the battery and charger of EVs . To boost battery performance and energy efficiency, BMS is controlled by critical aspects such as voltage, state of health (SOH), current, temperature, and state of charge (SOC), of a battery .

How does a battery management system work?

To keep the cells operating within their safety limits, the battery management system employs safeguards such as protection circuits and temperature management systems, as has been discussed at length above . 4. Electric motors