Why is a battery energy storage system important?

Battery energy storage system (BESS) is an important component of a modern power system since it allows seamless integration of renewable energy sources (RES) into the grid. A BESS is vulnerable to various cyber threats that may influence its proper operation, which in turn impacts negatively the BESS and the electric grid.

Are utility-scale battery energy storage systems vulnerable to cyberattacks?

Utility-scale battery energy storage systems are vulnerable to cyberattacks. There is a lack of extensive review on the battery cybersecure design and operation. We review the state-of-the-art battery attack detection and mitigation methods. We overview methods to forecast system components behavior to detect an attack.

Are electric grids vulnerable to cyberattacks?

Depending on the system architecture, the system vulnerability towards cyberattacks may vary. An electric grid with multiple BESS can be controlled through decentralized, centralized, and distributed control architectures.

Are EV batteries vulnerable to cyberattacks?

The cyberattacks on batteries are mostly discussed in the frame of the EV domain. Therefore, we use the research carried out in the EV sector to describe attacks to which the BESS can be potentially vulnerable. Potential and real cyberattacks were considered in the literature [ 23, 24 ].